Showing Movies to a Large Group: Understanding Copyright Laws and Permissions

Public performance of movies to a large group can raise important considerations regarding copyright laws and permissions. This article aims to provide an overview of the key factors to consider when showing movies in such settings, drawing upon reputable sources to support the discussion.

Public Performance Rights (PPR) Requirements

One crucial aspect to understand is the concept of Public Performance Rights (PPR). In general, when a film is shown to a large group for entertainment purposes, PPR is required. This means that obtaining the necessary permissions from the copyright holder or obtaining a license to publicly perform the film is necessary [1].

Educational Purposes and Fair Use

However, there are instances where the showing of a film may fall under the fair use exception, particularly when it is for educational purposes and aligned with educational activities. In such cases, PPR may not be required [2]. It is important to note that the determination of fair use depends on various factors and should be evaluated on a case-by-case basis.

Film Series and Public Advertisement

Film series organized by groups or clubs that are open to and advertised to the public are generally considered entertainment rather than fair use. Consequently, obtaining PPR becomes necessary in such scenarios [3].

Ownership of DVDs and PPR

Merely owning a DVD does not automatically exempt the need for PPR. Even if a film is owned, PPR may still be required if fair use or other exceptions under copyright law do not apply [4].

“Home Use Only” Warning on DVDs

The presence of a “Home Use Only” warning on DVDs refers to the exclusive rights of performance and display held by the copyright holders. However, in a face-to-face teaching situation directly related to the curriculum, DVDs with this warning may be played [4].

Showing Film Clips for Educational Purposes

Using film clips as part of a lecture is generally permissible under fair use, taking into account the four factors of fair use and new exemptions under the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. Care should be taken to ensure that the use of the clips is transformative, limited in duration, and supports educational objectives [6].

Streaming Films and Copyright Restrictions

Streaming films through personal Netflix accounts in the classroom may be prohibited by the membership agreement, which overrides copyright exceptions. It is important to review the terms of service and seek alternative methods for legally accessing the films [7].

Streaming Videos via Zoom

When streaming videos via Zoom, it is crucial to consider potential copyright restrictions. In some cases, assigning students to view the film online individually may be necessary to comply with copyright laws [8].

Using YouTube Videos in Online Classes

When using YouTube videos in online classes, adherence to fair use guidelines and the Teach Act checklist is essential. Evaluating the purpose, nature, amount, and effect of the use is crucial to determine whether the use falls within the boundaries of fair use and educational exceptions [9].

This article has provided an overview of the key considerations when showing movies to a large group. It is important to consult legal experts and review the specific circumstances and applicable copyright laws to ensure compliance. Understanding the nuances of copyright and fair use is essential in creating a legally sound and educational environment.

Sources

1. Showing Movies in Class and on Campus – Copyright & Fair Use – Research Guides at Mt. San Antonio College. (https://mtsac.libguides.com/copyright/showing-movies)
2. Use Information Correctly: Copyright and Fair Use. (https://edu.gcfglobal.org/en/useinformationcorrectly/copyright-and-fair-use/1/)
3. Use Information Correctly: Copyright and Fair Use. (https://edu.gcfglobal.org/en/useinformationcorrectly/copyright-and-fair-use/1/)

FAQs

Do I need permission to show a movie to a large group for entertainment purposes?

Yes, when showing a movie to a large group for entertainment purposes, you generally need to obtain Public Performance Rights (PPR) from the copyright holder or acquire a license to publicly perform the film.

Are there any exceptions to obtaining Public Performance Rights (PPR) if the film is shown for educational purposes?

Yes, if the showing of the film is for educational purposes and in furtherance of educational activities, it may be considered fair use, and PPR may not be required. However, fair use determinations depend on various factors and should be evaluated on a case-by-case basis.

Are film series organized by groups or clubs considered fair use?

No, film series hosted by a group or club that is open to and advertised to the public are generally considered entertainment and not fair use. Therefore, obtaining Public Performance Rights (PPR) is necessary in such cases.

If I own the DVD of a movie, do I still need Public Performance Rights (PPR)?

Yes, ownership of the DVD does not exempt the need for Public Performance Rights (PPR) if fair use or other exceptions under copyright law do not apply. Even if you own the DVD, you must ensure compliance with copyright laws.

Can DVDs labeled with “Home Use Only” warning be played in a face-to-face teaching situation?

Yes, in a face-to-face teaching situation directly related to the curriculum, DVDs labeled with a “Home Use Only” warning can be played, as long as the use falls within the educational context and aligns with fair use guidelines.

Can film clips be shown as part of a lecture without obtaining Public Performance Rights (PPR)?

Yes, showing film clips as part of a lecture is generally permissible under fair use, considering the four factors of fair use and new exemptions under the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. However, the use of clips should be transformative, limited in duration, and support educational objectives.

Is it permissible to stream films through personal Netflix accounts in the classroom?

No, streaming films through personal Netflix accounts in the classroom may be prohibited by the membership agreement, which overrides copyright exceptions. It is important to review the terms of service and seek alternative methods for legally accessing the films.

Are there any copyright restrictions when streaming videos via Zoom?

Yes, streaming videos via Zoom may be subject to copyright restrictions. In some cases, it may be necessary to explore alternative methods, such as assigning students to view the film online individually, to ensure compliance with copyright laws.