Can Humans Hear Below 20 Hz?

The human auditory system is a remarkable sensory organ that allows us to perceive and interpret sounds in our environment. However, there are limitations to our hearing capabilities, including a lower limit on the frequencies that we can perceive. In this article, we will explore the question of whether humans can hear below 20 Hz, drawing upon various scientific sources to provide an evidence-based answer.

Frequency Range of Human Hearing

The frequency range for human hearing is typically considered to be 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz. This range is often referred to as the audible range of frequencies. Sounds below 20 Hz are classified as infrasound, while sounds above 20,000 Hz are classified as ultrasound.

Sensitivity to Lower Frequencies

The sensitivity of human hearing decreases gradually with decreasing frequency. As the frequency of a sound decreases below the audible range, it becomes more challenging for humans to perceive it. The human ear is less sensitive to low-frequency sounds compared to sounds in the mid-range of frequencies.

Infrasound and Perception

Infrasound, which refers to sound below 20 Hz, is generally considered to be inaudible to humans. Most individuals are unable to consciously perceive infrasound at typical sound levels. However, it is important to note that humans can perceive infrasound if the level is sufficiently high. At extremely high sound levels, infrasound can be felt as vibrations or pressure sensations in the body.

Sensation of Pressure

At frequencies below 10 Hz, it is possible to perceive the single cycles of the sound and experience a sensation of pressure at the eardrums. This sensation is distinct from the perception of sound as we typically experience it and is more akin to a physical pressure sensation.

Individual Variation

There is variation in the range of human hearing between individuals, especially at high frequencies. Some individuals may have a slightly extended upper range of hearing, while others may have a narrower range. This variation can be influenced by factors such as age, genetics, and exposure to loud noises.

Loss of Sensitivity with Age

A gradual loss of sensitivity to higher frequencies with age is considered normal. As individuals grow older, they may experience a decline in their ability to hear sounds at the upper end of the audible range. This age-related hearing loss, known as presbycusis, is a natural part of the aging process.

In conclusion, humans typically cannot hear sounds below 20 Hz, as these frequencies fall into the range of infrasound. However, under certain circumstances, such as at high sound levels, humans may perceive infrasound as vibrations or pressure sensations. The range of human hearing can vary between individuals, and there is a gradual loss of sensitivity to higher frequencies with age.

Sources:

“Why do we don’t hear sound below 20 Hz and above 20,000 Hz?” (https://byjus.com/question-answer/why-do-we-don-t-hear-sound-below-20hz-and-above-20000hz/)
“Hearing at low and infrasonic frequencies” (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15273023/)
“Hearing range” (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hearing_range)

FAQs

What is the typical frequency range for human hearing?

The typical frequency range for human hearing is 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz. This range is commonly referred to as the audible range of frequencies.

Are humans sensitive to lower frequencies below 20 Hz?

The sensitivity of human hearing gradually decreases with decreasing frequency. While humans may not be as sensitive to lower frequencies below 20 Hz, some individuals may perceive infrasound if the level is sufficiently high.

What is infrasound and can humans perceive it?

Infrasound refers to sound below 20 Hz. In general, infrasound is considered to be inaudible to humans at typical sound levels. However, at extremely high sound levels, humans may perceive infrasound as vibrations or pressure sensations in the body.

Can humans experience a sensation of pressure at frequencies below 10 Hz?

Yes, at frequencies below 10 Hz, it is possible for humans to experience a sensation of pressure at the eardrums. This sensation is distinct from the perception of sound and is more akin to a physical pressure sensation.

Is there variation in the range of human hearing between individuals?

Yes, there is variation in the range of human hearing between individuals, especially at high frequencies. Factors such as age, genetics, and exposure to loud noises can influence an individual’s hearing range.

Do humans experience a loss of sensitivity to higher frequencies with age?

Yes, there is a gradual loss of sensitivity to higher frequencies with age, which is considered a normal part of the aging process. This age-related hearing loss, known as presbycusis, can result in difficulty hearing sounds at the upper end of the audible range.

Can technological advancements extend the range of human hearing?

Technological advancements, such as hearing aids or cochlear implants, can assist individuals with hearing loss and potentially extend their range of hearing. However, these technologies have limitations and may not enable perception of frequencies below the natural range of human hearing.

Are there any known health effects associated with exposure to infrasound?

Infrasound exposure at high levels has been associated with certain health effects, including dizziness, nausea, and headaches. However, it’s important to note that typical exposure to infrasound in everyday environments is unlikely to cause such effects.