The Authorship of Dippermouth Blues: Exploring the Debate
The song “Dippermouth Blues” holds a significant place in the history of jazz music. First recorded by King Oliver’s Creole Jazz Band in April 1923 and later for Okeh Records in June of the same year, it has sparked an ongoing debate regarding its authorship. While the song is often attributed to Joe “King” Oliver, there is speculation about whether Louis Armstrong, a prominent jazz musician of the time, was the actual composer.
The Nickname and Joint Credits
The nickname “Dippermouth” in the song’s title adds to the speculation about Armstrong’s involvement in its composition. It was a nickname commonly associated with Louis Armstrong, further fueling the debate. Phonograph recordings from 1922 even credited both Armstrong and Oliver jointly, contributing to the ambiguity surrounding the song’s authorship.
The Musical Influence and Elements
“Dippermouth Blues” is considered a notable example of the influence of the blues on early jazz. It features a twelve-bar blues harmonic progression and showcases bent notes and slides into notes, characteristic elements of the blues genre. These musical elements have played a significant role in the ongoing discussion about the song’s origins.
Armstrong’s Contribution and “Sugarfoot Stomp”
During the recording of “Dippermouth Blues” on April 6, 1923, Louis Armstrong played the second cornet, while King Oliver played the first cornet and delivered a frequently imitated plunger mute solo. This recording, along with Armstrong’s involvement, has fueled the debate about the authorship of the song.
Interestingly, during Armstrong’s time in the Fletcher Henderson Orchestra, the song was recorded under the title “Sugarfoot Stomp” in 1925, arranged by Don Redman. The Fletcher Henderson Orchestra later recorded the tune again as “Sugarfoot Stomp” in 1931. These recordings and their variations add further complexity to the understanding of the song’s origins.
Cultural Significance and Covers
In popular culture, “Dippermouth Blues” is referenced in the 2009 Disney film “The Princess and the Frog” as a work played by Prince Naveen. Its enduring appeal has led to notable covers, including Dr. John’s rendition on his 2014 album “Ske-Dat-De-Dat: The Spirit of Satch.”
Conclusion
The authorship of “Dippermouth Blues” remains a subject of debate in the jazz community. While often attributed to Joe “King” Oliver, the involvement of Louis Armstrong and the joint credits on earlier recordings have given rise to speculation about Armstrong’s contribution as the actual composer. The song’s musical elements, cultural significance, and various recordings further add to the complexities surrounding its origins.
Sources:
- Dippermouth Blues – Wikipedia
- Not Even Bing’s: On Louis Armstrong | The Nation
- 85 Years of the Hot Seven: S.O.L. Blues/Gully Low Blues
FAQs
The Authorship of Dippermouth Blues: Exploring the Debate
Who recorded the song “Dippermouth Blues” and when?
The song “Dippermouth Blues” was first recorded by King Oliver’s Creole Jazz Band in April 1923 and later for Okeh Records in June of the same year.
Who is commonly attributed as the composer of “Dippermouth Blues”?
The authorship of the song is often attributed to Joe “King” Oliver.
Is there a debate about the composer of “Dippermouth Blues”?
Yes, there is a debate about whether Louis Armstrong was the actual composer of “Dippermouth Blues.”
What is the significance of Louis Armstrong’s nickname “Dippermouth” in relation to the song?
The nickname “Dippermouth” was associated with Louis Armstrong, which adds to the speculation about his involvement in the composition of the song.
How were Louis Armstrong and Joe “King” Oliver credited in the early recordings of the song?
Phonograph recordings from 1922 credited both Armstrong and Oliver jointly, further fueling the debate about the authorship of the song.
What musical elements characterize “Dippermouth Blues”?
“Dippermouth Blues” is considered a strong example of the influence of the blues on early jazz, featuring a twelve-bar blues harmonic progression and bent notes and slides into notes.
What was Louis Armstrong’s role in the recording of “Dippermouth Blues”?
During the April 6, 1923 recording, Louis Armstrong played the second cornet, while King Oliver played the first cornet and delivered a frequently imitated plunger mute solo.
Are there any other recordings or references to “Dippermouth Blues”?
Yes, during Armstrong’s time in the Fletcher Henderson Orchestra, the song was recorded under the title “Sugarfoot Stomp” in 1925, and the Fletcher Henderson Orchestra recorded the tune again as “Sugarfoot Stomp” in 1931. The song is also referenced in the 2009 Disney film “The Princess and the Frog” and has been covered by artists like Dr. John.