What is the difference between diminished fifth and augmented fourth?
The Difference Between Diminished Fifth and Augmented Fourth Intervals
When studying music theory, it is essential to understand the distinctions between different intervals. In this article, we will explore the differences between the diminished fifth and augmented fourth intervals, examining their formation, classification, and functional characteristics.
Formation
The diminished fifth interval is formed by shrinking a perfect fifth interval by a half step. In terms of semitones, it spans six semitones. For example, the interval from C to G♭ is a diminished fifth.
On the other hand, the augmented fourth interval is formed by increasing the width of a perfect fourth interval by a half step. It also spans six semitones. For instance, the interval from F to B is an augmented fourth.
Classification
The diminished fifth interval is classified as a fifth interval, while the augmented fourth interval is classified as a fourth interval. This classification is based on the number of staff positions encompassed by each interval.
Function
Both the diminished fifth and augmented fourth intervals are considered dissonant and have a tendency to resolve to more stable intervals. However, their functional differences lie in their resolution patterns.
Resolution
The augmented fourth interval typically resolves outward to a minor or major sixth. For example, in the key of C, the augmented fourth interval F to B resolves outward to a minor sixth interval, F to D♯. Similarly, in the key of C♯, the augmented fourth interval F♯ to B♯ resolves outward to a major sixth interval, F♯ to D♯♯.
On the other hand, the diminished fifth interval resolves inward to a major or minor third. In the key of C, the diminished fifth interval B to F resolves inward to a major third interval, B to D. Similarly, in the key of C♯, the diminished fifth interval B♯ to F♯ resolves inward to a minor third interval, B♯ to D♯.
Understanding the resolution patterns of these intervals is crucial in harmonic progressions and composition, as it contributes to the overall tension and release within a musical piece.
Sources:
- Tritone – Wikipedia
- How to differentiate between a diminished fifth and an augmented fourth interval? – Music: Practice & Theory Stack Exchange
- The Structural And Functional Differences Between The Augmented Fourth And Diminished Fifth Intervals – Hear and Play Music Learning Center
FAQs
What is the interval difference between a diminished fifth and an augmented fourth?
The diminished fifth interval is formed by shrinking a perfect fifth interval by a half step, spanning six semitones. The augmented fourth interval is formed by increasing the width of a perfect fourth interval by a half step, also spanning six semitones.
How are the diminished fifth and augmented fourth intervals classified?
The diminished fifth interval is classified as a fifth interval, while the augmented fourth interval is classified as a fourth interval. This classification is based on the number of staff positions encompassed by each interval.
Are the diminished fifth and augmented fourth intervals considered dissonant?
Yes, both the diminished fifth and augmented fourth intervals are considered dissonant intervals in music theory.
How do the diminished fifth and augmented fourth intervals resolve?
The functional difference lies in their resolution patterns. The augmented fourth interval typically resolves outward to a minor or major sixth, while the diminished fifth interval resolves inward to a major or minor third.
Can you provide an example of the resolution of an augmented fourth interval?
In the key of C, the augmented fourth interval F to B resolves outward to a minor sixth interval, F to D♯. Similarly, in the key of C♯, the augmented fourth interval F♯ to B♯ resolves outward to a major sixth interval, F♯ to D♯♯.
How does a diminished fifth interval resolve?
In the key of C, the diminished fifth interval B to F resolves inward to a major third interval, B to D. Similarly, in the key of C♯, the diminished fifth interval B♯ to F♯ resolves inward to a minor third interval, B♯ to D♯.
Are there any other names for the diminished fifth and augmented fourth intervals?
Yes, the diminished fifth interval is sometimes referred to as the “tritone” or the “diabolus in musica” (devil in music). The augmented fourth interval is also known as the “tritone.”
How do the diminished fifth and augmented fourth intervals contribute to harmonic progressions and composition?
The tension and resolution created by the diminished fifth and augmented fourth intervals play a significant role in harmonic progressions and composition. They add color, dissonance, and a sense of movement to music, enhancing its expressive qualities.